Keratinocytes, the primary cells of the epidermis, undergo a complex process of differentiation that leads to the formation of the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin. Calcium is a crucial factor in the regulation of this process, and its deficiency can cause various skin disorders such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Calcium diglucarate (CDG), a natural compound derived from glucaric acid, has been found to modulate the differentiation and proliferation of keratinocytes through its effects on calcium signaling pathways.
A study published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology showed that CDG increased the expression of genes involved in the differentiation of keratinocytes, such as involucrin and filaggrin, and improved the barrier function of the skin.
Another study published in the International Journal of Molecular Medicine suggested that CDG could suppress the proliferation of keratinocytes in psoriasis by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways.
CDG has also been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may contribute to its beneficial effects on the skin.
Overall, these findings suggest that CDG has the potential to regulate the generation of stratum corneum by modulating calcium signaling pathways and may have therapeutic implications for various skin disorders.